An eye illusion occurs when what you perceive is different from what you are seeing in reality. When you see an object, an image is captured on the retina which is then transferred to the brain where it gets processed. Because of some reasons, the brain perceives the image differently from what it is in reality. There are mainly divided into two types; physiological and cognitive.
Physiological:
Physiological eye illusions occur as an after result of seeing images which like bright lights. Every response has a dedicated and individual neural pathway during the beginning stage of a visual processing. However the repetitive response of some channels can cause physiological disturbances which can change your perception. Mach Bands and Hermann's grid illustrations are the two types which prove helpful in explaining this unusual phenomenon. Lateral inhibition which causes an increase in the sharpness and contrast of a visual response explains the Mach Bands as well as the Hermann grid.
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