Cancer is the second major cause of death in the United States. More than half a million of us to die of cancer every year. Most cancers occur in people age 55 and over. The best defense for many types of cancer is early detection therefore, it is important to maintain a healthy lifestyle, have regular checkups with your doctor and report any unusual symptoms.
Cancer is the result of changes in the genes that control cell growth. In a healthy cell, the genes will tell it when to stop reproducing, to mend any damage or to destroy itself if the damage cannot be repaired. However, a damaged cell will override these messages and continue to reproduce more damaged cells.
While we cannot control all of our risks for cancer, there are some things we can do that will help to lower our chances of getting some of the more common types of cancer.
Skin cancer
The most common type of cancer is skin cancer and the two most common types of skin cancer are squamous cell cancer and basal cell cancer. Squamous cell cancer can spread throughout the body while basal cell cancer usually does not. Both types of skin cancer typically start on the parts of the body that are mostly exposed to the sun such as the face, hands or arms.
Risk factors for developing skin cancer include being fair skinned, a history of spending great amounts of time in the sun, getting many sunburns as a child, and having light-colored hair and green or blue eyes.
Sun protection is the primary way to avoid skin cancer. Always use plenty of sunscreen and reapply it every two hours and after sweating or swimming. Also avoid tanning beds and sun exposure between the hours of 10 a.m. to 4 p.m.
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